General Information
    • ISSN: 1793-821X (Print)
    • Abbreviated Title: J. Clean Energy Technol.
    • Frequency: Quarterly
    • DOI: 10.18178/JOCET
    • Editor-in-Chief: Prof. Haider F. Abdul Amir
    • Executive Editor: Ms. Jennifer Zeng
    • Abstracting/ Indexing:  INSPEC (IET), Electronic Journals Library, Chemical Abstracts Services (CAS), Ulrich's Periodicals Directory, Google Scholar, ProQuest, CNKI.
    • E-mail: jocet@ejournal.net
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Editor-in-chief
Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia.
I would like to express my appreciation to all the reviewers and editors, who have been working
very hard to ensure the quality of the journal. It's my honor to work with such a wonderful team.

JOCET 2016 Vol.4(1): 52-55 ISSN: 1793-821X
DOI: 10.7763/JOCET.2016.V4.253

The Effect of Temperature on Sulfuric Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Oil Palm Frond to Levulinic Acid

A. Awaluddin, A. Kurnia, A. Prayitno, E. Saputra, and Saryono
Abstract—The levulinic acid (LA), one of platform chemicals, could be potentially generated from an oil palm frond, thus possibly replacing a fossil source as a precursor to produce a wide range of chemicals. This research focuses on the conversion of the oil palm frond into levulinic acid using sulfuric acid as homogeneous acid catalyst. The experiments were conducted in the ampoule reactor ( 150 mm of length, 4 mm of inside diameter, 7 mm of outside diameter) with the conditions of 1 w/v % of the ratio of biomass weight to acid volume, 150-190°C of reaction temperature, 1 M of sulfuric acid concentration and 0-240 minutes of reaction times. The maximum yield of levulinic acid formed is 31.28% based on the cellulose content in the oil palm frond. The conversion of the oil palm frond into LA seems to follow pseudo-first order reaction and kinetic model developed by previous researcher.

Index Terms—Levulinic acid, oil palm frond, pseudo-first order reaction.

A. Awaluddin and Saryono are with Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia (e-mail: amirawaluddin01@gmail.com, saryono_ur@yahoo.com).
A. Kurnia was with Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia (e-mail: ipon.sandi@ymail.com).
A. Prayitno is with Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia (e-mail: gendon_tho@yahoo.co.uk).
E. Saputra is with Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia (e-mail: edysaputra_eng@yahoo.com).

[PDF]

Cite:A. Awaluddin, A. Kurnia, A. Prayitno, E. Saputra, and Saryono, "The Effect of Temperature on Sulfuric Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Oil Palm Frond to Levulinic Acid," Journal of Clean Energy Technologies vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 52-55, 2016.

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